Monday, April 15, 2019

2.10 Thinking Like a Historian

When mobilizing the homefront during World War II the government reached the population in various different ways encouraging different efforts. To reach out to everyone they put out  government advertisements some of these include newspapers and posters, the government also recorded oral testimonies of their time working in the nationwide war effort.  

Image result for home front effort
Advertisement encoraging victory gardens 
source #1 : US government advertisement for the Minneapolis Star Journal (1943)
source #2 : copy from War Advertising Council/U.S Treasury Department adverstisement (1943)
source #3 : poster from the U.S. Office of Price Administration (1943)
source #4 : girl scouts planting a victory garden near San Fransico during the war (1943)
source #5 :  oral histories about life at home during the war 

Wednesday, April 10, 2019

Criminal Justice - Incarcerated Women

  The Equal Justice Initiative makes claims that today’s mass incarceration population has ties or connections to slavery and historical white supremacy. After thorough research over the last week or so, I have found information and studies that support the claim. The EJI’s claim and the records show that african americans are incarcerated more than whites are. After researching the overall effects of this I found that this is present not only in men but in women too.  Today’s mass incarceration most definitely involves racial disparity in women in state and federal prisons and does not seem to end because of the continuous cycle it follows involving their history,sentencing and the society of incarcerated women they’ve formed. (EJI)

The United States is the the country with the largest amount of incarceration. From the years 1980 to 2015  the amount of people that were incarcerated made a jump from 500,000 to 2.2 million people. We as a country have 21% of  the world’s prisoners. The U.S criminal justice system for decades has had a huge racial inequality In 2014 african americans made up about 34% of the population in the correctional system.   African Americans in the nations become imprisoned 5 times more than whites are, it has become normal and partially accepted. But in the last 15 years the racial differences in the system has been declining, from the years 2000-2015 black mens’ incarceration rate decreased by 24% and the whites’ increased.  The rate of imprisonment for african american women is twice the rate of white women. But also for women from 2000-2015 the rate black women dropped around 50%, but the white womens’ went up 53%. The ratio of black and white women was 6 to 1, now it is 2 to 1. These racial trends and differences are not just seen in the federal prisons but also the local jails too.
(The Washington Post) (NAACP)
This pattern is continuous and goes into children too. African american children are 34% of the minors that are arrested, 42% of the ones who are detained and 52% of the minors whose cases are sent to criminal court. (NAACP)

As I began looking into women incarceration and its racial disparities, I found more than I thought I would. Right now there are 111,000 women in prison and that amount of women has been increasing with a rate that is 50% higher than the mens rate. (since 1980) There has been larger amount of interaction of women and the correction or criminal justice system. Today there is 1.2 million women involved with the criminal justice system. From this increase the was the birth of additional law enforcement, more strict of sentencing for drugs and laws of post conviction that are directly at women. The prison populations for womens 8 times what it was in 1980. The in these state prisons over half have a child under 18 years old.  In each of these women there is either sexual abuse history, high rates of HIV or substance abuse. (The Sentencing Project)

The women also have a trend with their offenses. In state prisons they are most likely brought in for drug or property offenses. The other main offense would be killing their husband or lover. Of the incarcerated women 25% were for drug offenses and 27% were for property offenses. (The Sentencing Project)

I sadly found out through my research that the pattern of unfair racial incarceration is also in young girls. 15% of the incarcerated youth in this country are girls. In 2001 the amount of girls in correctional arrangements was 15,104, by the year 2015 this number went down by half. African American girls are more likely to be arrested and convicted than white. Just the imprisonment rate for all girls (12-17) is 47 per 100,000,for black girls the rate is 110 per 100,000 and white girls it is 32 per 100,000. This makes the african american girls 3.5 times more likely to become incarcerated than white girls. (The Sentencing Project)

This cycle is continuous because the adults that are being incarcerated is a parent to a kid. That kid is going to live the same life because most of them do not know any better and then they are put through the system too. 1 in 10 black children have a parent that is incarcerated where as the for white kids it is  1-60. (The Washington Post)

The Equal Justice Initiative is right in their claims about the U.S.’s  mass incarceration and its racial inequality, but what I found tells me that it not only has a connection to the past of the african american injustice but future or maybe end of it.




Related image
African American women prsoners - the marshall project
rise in women incarceration - the sentencing project
from the years 1980-2016 the amount of women incarcerated at least 700% and went from 26,378 (1980) to 213,722 (2016)
female inpriosnment rate - the sentencing project
from the years 2000-2016 the imprisonment rate at the state and federal prison levels decreased by 53% for black women and increased 44% for white women 

women in correctional system - the sentencing project
1.2 million women in the criminal justice system
imprisonment rates men vs women - the sentencing project 

from the years 2000-2016 the imprisonment rates changed for both genders and that races/ethnicity 

SOURCES

EJI

NAACP

THE SENTENCING PROJECT

PRISON POLICY

THE WASHINGTON POST

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Friday, March 8, 2019

2.7 Mid-Semester 2 reflection

  1. What do you see as the most important thing you learned about immigration in the late 19th century? why?
I learned that in the late 19th century was the beginning of laws against immigration. An example of this being the chinese exclusion act, this casted the chinese already in America out and the ones hoping to come, their dreams were postponed for the time being. The formation of the laws against immigration is the most important because we still face problems with immigration today. We need to know the history of our immigration and the laws that made them that way to understand what is happening today and how to handle that with the laws we have in place or that are potentially coming into place.

  1. What do you see as the most important thing you learned about immigration today? Why?
I think the green card / visa process is the most important thing to look at. Before learning about it in this class and my own interest after this class I did not know much about it, and I am a US birthright  citizen We blame a lot of our problems on the immigrants who do not try to get into the US system but while I think that the excessive and illegal immigrants are partially due to the length and disorganization of the system. Most americans do not know what goes into the green card/visa system and having such a large powerful country should make us keep our plans and process for citizenship, respectful and hold the power it deserves but also some organization.
  1. What do you see as the 2 most challenging aspects of living in the 19th century urban settings and how would you evaluate Americans’ success (either as individuals or collectively) in meeting those challenges?
The over crowdedness and lack of sanitation/safety.  Living conditions with numerous people in small spaces was what led to disease and epidemics killing thousands. The work conditions in factories (the only source of work basically) due to the many people working in the factory and the uncleanliness of the factory. This led to many deaths of workers that were just trying to make money for families. The lifestyle was dirty,unhealthy and unproductive for the human kind of the cities. I think the americans did what they could to  survive, they had to live with what was given or offered because unless you had a lot of money, in those urban places you would not have found anything much better.
  1. One could argue that the effort to build the Highline has some things in common with late 19th and early 20th century progressivism. Use your knowledge of progressivism to identify those similarities being sure to discuss specific details from the film
Then demonstrate your knowledge of the nature and context of the Progressive movement by explaining how the effort to build the highline is dissimilar from progressivism.
In the late 19th and early 20th century progressivism there was the city beautiful movement, the point was to make urban settings filled with tall buildings and city blocks have a sense of nature and to look presentable with a bit of landscaping and natural recreational places. This is similar to the highline they took what was the old industrial railroad to make an outdoor park for the citizens of NYC to enjoy and they have loved it and embraced and it is a part of NYC culture. The highline incorporates so much history art and science that it is a learning experience and really furthers your mind to what city life is all about.  An older example would be Central Park, also in NYC this world renowned park was created in the times of the city beautiful movement. Central Park enjoyed by millions each year, is still today is a representation of what came out of a progressive filled idea. Something dissimilar would be that progressives did not like big businesses and I think that the help and support and big aid from the powers surrounding and helping in the building of the highline park would shock our historical progressivists, these big powers include: The Standard Hotel and CSX transportation.

Related image
New York rail road 1976 

Thursday, March 7, 2019

Philanthropy

1.  Philanthropy = goodwill to other people // effort or acts done out of a humanitarian process
activities include - donating profits, and giving time and fundraising for a cause
philanthropy is longer than charity and philanthropy focuses on building the cause not just a short term, charitiy also goes along with a "rescue" approach where philanthropy is planned and has a strategy
Merriam Webster - Philanthropy

2. After selling his steel company he became a philanthropist. He gave away over 350 million dollars. He wrote "The Gospel of Wealth" , the core of his work were on education and world peace. He wanted to create free/ public libraries for everyone. He would later spend over 56 million building 2,509 libraries. He also founded many trusts and isitutions to further his phanthropic work. He said that the morals of the wealthy told them to give away there fortunes.
Columbia Univ. - Philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie 


3. Rockefeller started his work in philanthropy while still owning his oil company while Carnegie did it after he sold his steel company. Rockefeller had a religious tie to his charity work and Carngeie's was more devoted to education and writing. JDR founded the University of Chicago. JDR gave about 540 milllion dollars  to charitable/philantrhopic organizations and work.
Rockefeller philanthropy  advisors
Philanthropy round table - John Rockefeller Sr.

4. created the iLEAD - which has partnerships with 12 univeristies and districts
       
  1. Chesterfield County Public Schools and the University of Virginia
  2. Denver Public Schools and the University of Denver
  3. Evansville Vanderburgh School Corporation and the Indiana University, Bloomington
  4. Fairfax County Public Schools and George Mason University
  5. Florence School District #1 and the University of South Carolina
  6. High Tech High’s Graduate School of Education and the High Tech High Network
  7. New York Districts and Fordham University
  8. Oxford School District and the University of Mississippi
  9. Portland Public Schools and Portland State University
  10. Prince George’s County Public Schools and the University of Maryland
  11. UPrep High School and Pittsburgh Public Schools and the University of Pittsburgh
  12. Avondale School District and Arizona State University


they have also made connections with many different organizations such as 
      1.  Getting Better California
      2. Getting Better Tennessee 
      3. Pacific Regional Educational laboratory 

5. Philanthropists of today
FORBES - Americas top 50 givers 

 The Gates philanthropy is different. this is because they give to their own charity. The charity funds many different projects and doesn't have a sole help center for their aid. Bill gates gave 4.6 billion dollars to his charity to fund his "mosuito wars" project. the charity is the largest private charity in the world. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has helped millions of people all around the world.
FORBES - Philanthropy King 

6.  I would help with children and families living in poverty in 3rd world countries, I would also want to help international adoption.


philanthropy epic foundation app
Silicon.nyc - PHILANTHROPY


Semester II Final

PART A (1-8) Before doing any research I predict that the most highly ranked presidents would be George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and...