Monday, May 6, 2019

In-class write

#1  
The movie Jackie, produced in 2016 follows the events of Jacqueline Kennedy on the day of her husband’s assassination and the adjustment to life after that loss. In 1963 there was an article written on Mrs. Kennedy from Life magazine, this article was constructed and edited by Mrs. Kennedy and the journalist. From the movie as a viewer you see not only what the Kennedy assassination did to the first family but to the nation as a whole. The movie shows the impact of the Kennedy administration at the time and the legacy President and Mrs. John F. Kennedy left on the United States. Some of the most memorable times for this country happened during the Kennedy administration, at the time of the assassination The Cold War with Russia and Cuba was occuring along with the rise of the civil rights movement in the south. Both of these were being handled by President Kennedy at the time of his death. The effect of this loss on these national incidents is seen through President Johnson’s power and decision in just days after the tragedy of the JFK. Jacqueline knew what being the first lady meant and was honored to hold the job, even through these crisis. In the movie it shows that while making preparations for the funeral just two days after Kennedy’s  death that she can not get her opinion heard because of Johnson action on the Cuban missile crisis or protests below the mason dixon. The assassination, the cold war and civil rights movement all were happening at at the same time and the nation was struck with a heartbreak too big to bear. (JFK LIBRARY) (WHITE HOUSE)
The First Lady Shocked the nation with her tour of the White house that was televised on CBS on Valentine’s day after she worked so hard to restore all of the public rooms in the white house and create a legacy of american culture, art, and history throughout the place they were to  call home for the time of their administration. (JFK LIBRARY)(WHITE HOUSE)
The funeral of JFK  and the procession to the capital only had ever happened that large after Lincoln’s death. Jackie studied it and with Robert Kennedy they planned and memorial movement that would shock officials and civilians. After being told numerous times that it  may not be safe for her to make such a public and open ceremony Mrs. Kennedy with her children processed anyway out of justice and love. Jackie also received judgement for wanting to bury her two unborn children at the same site at Arlington. The fights and conflict that arose around the funeral were portrayed  exactly how they happened based upon Jackie Kennedy’s notes found later in life and she wasn’t going to let her husband’s legacy be buried with him in Arlington Cemetery. (JFK LIBRARY)

#2
The movie is based upon Jackie Kennedy fight and struggles from the assassination of JFK to the life after the white house.But in my research outside of the film I found out so much more that tell more about who Jacqueline was as a woman and who the Kennedy’s were together. I learned that JFK served in the Vietnam war, lost his brother in it too. His brother wasn’t able to come home but for Jack, he came home a hero. Jackie is what pushed JFK to write his book in 1957, Profiles in Courage. That same year their daughter Caroline was born. The road to being the president wasn’t pictured in the movie, but for the Kennedy family it was a vital role in their story. Jackie accompanied her husband the presidential candidate all of the nation on the campaign trail in 1960. While on the campaign Mrs. Kennedy became pregnant with their second child, doctors advised her to return home for the remainder of the campaign trail.  While she was at home Jackie answered campaign mail, did TV commercials and interviews but also wrote a weekly news report. The level of support that she had for her husband is what helped her take the place as The First Lady. The movie like I said did not set up the kennedy administration and just assumed you knew what their relationship and journey looked like to get to the car in Dallas that day. In November of 1960 John F. Kennedy won the election and two weeks later his son was born, John F. Kennedy Jr. What I didn’t realize from the movie but I learned from my research is that Mrs. Kennedy believed that their family is what matters most but she believed that from the start not just after the loss of Jack. The Kennedy couple suffered many losses like children, before Caroline they had a miscarriage and stillbirth child but also  In August of 1963 the Kennedys lost their third child, Patrick Bouvier who was born premature and died two days later. The movie showed the two children, Caroline and John Jr. in the play room at first and that is where Jackie (natalie portman) tells them that “daddy is coming home” this very powerful scene is raw and so moving. And the setting of the play room was awkward but very fitting. Through research I learned that the play room was also what was the Kindergarten school that Jackie had created for Caroline and 12-15 other kids upon moving into the white house. I also think that the movie didn’t include the importance of the international relational President and Mrs. Kennedy made. In the movie it was mention that there would be many heads of states at the funeral, but missed their international connection to the many nations they visited and established relations with. The Kennedy’s took international engagements all through out their term and the movie showed flashbacks to state dinners with performances, it miss the opportunity to talk about their impact of the world. They were admired internationally too.  The movie showed that Jackie loved art and wanted the american history to be reflected in art throughout the white house. What I learned outside of the movie is that both Jackie and Jackie loved the arts, it was said that the Kennedy’s brought a young spirit to the estate in D.C. Jacqueline Kennedy influenced fashion across the globe, still today there are styles that reflect on the graceful First Lady. She was modern,but classic and regal all at once and forced movement for the whole fashion industry. The movie hinted at this towards the end of the movie when Jackie saw the store stylists putting outfits up inspired by her own collection for display to sell. Though the movie was about the first lady Jacqueline Kennedy it kind of dumbed her down and brought out more of a fiery attitude in her. The real Jackie was full of knowledge and worked before marrying the Senator and actually worked after the white house as an editor in manhattan until she died.Inside and out of the White house, she had an influence for her beloved country and family. (WHITE HOUSE) (JFK LIBRARY)

#3
I would suggest that in the flashbacks that Jackie has throughout the movie also include flashbacks to her and Jack before the white house. I understand that the movie was about her coping and overcoming the assassination but I think there needs to be some memories given before the became the President and First Lady. Some ideas could be their wedding, or birth of Caroline or the campaign trail, election, birth of John Jr. but also the loss of their third child. Their time in the White house changed the view of the first family. I would include JFK more I would want him to be seen more because we see Jackie distraught over this loss of a man that was her husband but we don’t get to see him much period , but specifically as the role of her husband.






Annotated Sources

liJackie  (IMDb.com) 

America's History, 9th Edition, Chapter 27 "Uncivil Wars: Liberal Crisis and Conservatic Rebirth 1961-1972," Pages 846-847 - JFK assassination facts and historical context


The John F. Kennedy Library, "Life of Jacqueline B. Kennedy"  - Facts on Jackie Kennedy's life: from birth to, her parents divorce, and young life in New England to boarding school and college and then meeting JFK and their life with kids in the white house

The White House, "Jaqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy" - Jaqueline Kennedey's story before becoming the First Lady and her legacy

"For President Kennedy: An Epilogue" (jfklibrary.org), the Thedore H. White interview with Jackie Kennedy - the article written by White on Jackie for which the movie is based on

"Jackie Kennedy's Last White House Days and What She Found in JFK's Desk" - An article written around the time of the 50th anniversary of the JFK assasination

"A Jackie Kennedy Affair: Throw a Jackie Kennedy Party in Your Dorm"- Recipes and ideas for the party  

Invitation - page used for creating my invitation 

Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, Donald Spoto, 2000 (amazon.com) - book written in 2000 on Jacqueline Kennedy, Using spoto as my Historian 

Jacqueline Kennedy's Notes for Dallas are Found, Starting a Quiet Tug of War (nytimes.com) - Used in finding items for my exhibit about notes that Jackie took for her prep for their domestic tour of Texas

"A Nation Remembers" (jfklibrary.org) - artifacts that are now in the JFk library collection 



Menu

APPETIZERS

New England Fish Chowder Soup 
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new england fish chowder
President Kennedy beleived that any meal could be made better with soup, he loved soup and his favorite was New England Fish Chowder

cold poached salmon
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cold poached salmon
The First Lady was a petit woman and so many asked her what her diet was to maintain such a figure and she said her favorite & healthy appetizer was cold poach salmon 

ENTREE

Lamb entree with potatoes & string beans 
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Lamb chop with potatoes and beans
Lamb was served at 3 states dinners during the kennedy administration and appeared of 10 of their menus for events. The lamb with vegetables was a favorite and classic for the White House. 

corn muffins 
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corn muffins
The President loved corn muffins with his dinner and it was known to be one of his favorites

DESSERTS

waffles with chocalate  
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waffles with chocolate 
John F. Kennedy liked dessert and he liked chocolate more than anything else, but also Jackie was secretly known to have a great waffle recipe that the president loved and so waffles with chocalte will be served to remember the two of them together. 
or
 strawberries Romanoff 
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Mrs. Kennedy loved french cuisine and he favorite dessert was strawberry romanoff 

DRINKS 

champagne 
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Champagne
Jackie Kennedy drank one glass of champagne a day, almost always in the evening 

orange juice 
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Orange juice 

Orange juice will be served because JFK would usually prefer to drink orange juice with many meals 






there will be a cigerette for each guest to remember Jackie's surprising love smoking

after dinner there will be a performance by the national symphony orchestra of "Camelot" 


Exhibit

NY times
NY times
First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy's notes and packing list for the 1963 Texas trip, this list shows the famous pink Chanel suit that she was seen wearing the day of the assassination.
United States Flag that covered President Kennedy's Casket
JFK Library
This is the flag that was put over the President's casket at the hospital in Dallas, it remained on it until the time of burial. The flag was folded and given to the superintendent of Arilington Cemetary who then handed it to Mrs. Kennedy with the words "Mrs. Kennedy, this flag is presented to you in the name of a most mournful nation... please accept it" 
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JFK Library
In 1962 the First Lady received an emmy award for her televised tour of the white house that was produced by CBS in Febraury of that year. 
Kennedy Family whitehouse
A Kennedy Family Photo at the White house, taken on November 13th 1963. This was 11 days before the assasination 
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John F. Kennedy Eternal Flame
Photograph of Jacqueline Kennedy & Robert Kennedy walking away from the decending casket with the flag after lighting the eternal flame on the grave.
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Jackie, Robert, Caroline, and John Jr. waiting before beginning  in the procession
Jackie, Robert, Caroline and John Jr. at funeral with John Jr. saluting the casket that holds there loved one, John F. Kennedy
The classic red dress worn by Jackie
The famous and classic red dress worn by Mrs. Kennedy in her televised tour of The White House on Valentines Day in 1962 
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The JFK ring
The JFK ring is the ring that John F. Kennedy proposed to Jaqueline with in summer of 1953, it includes 2.84 carat emrald paired with a 2.88 carat diamond with an open placement. This created a trend among young women across the nation for emrald&diamond rings.

Invitation

Invitation (greetingsisland.com)
Guest List

1.  Jaqueline Kennedy : She is invited because without her this whole event and the JFK presidency wouldn't have happened. 

2. Natalie Portman: The actress who played Mrs. Kennedy in the movie Jackie. she will provide a great perspective on how to become Mrs. Kennedy and the trauma she underwent.

3. Robert Kennedy :  Also known as Bobby. He is JFK's brother and was attorney general during the Kennedy administration. Robert and Jackie worked hand in hand after the loss of the President and truly depended on one another to move on.

4. Pablo Larrain : The director of the movie Jackie. He will give a great  point of view of how they capatured the life of the white house and the  rawness of the actual assassination.

5. John Fitzgerald Kennedy : The President himself, whose life was ended sadly on November 22, 1963. Without the President and his death there would have been no rise for Jackie after 1963 or even her success for the nation or the white house. 

6. Noah Oppenheim :  The writer of the movie. He wrote the movie and the language and sequence of the events. He would provide an amazing amount of information for how to view and record the life of Jackie Kennedy based upon real footage 

7. Theodor H. White :  The journalist who interviewed Mrs. Kennedy from LIFE magazine. The article shook the nation. I think having the real journalist that actually conducted the interview would really add to the discussion and conversation of the late First Lady of the United States. 

8. Donald Spoto  :  Author of the book Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onasssis written in 2000. The book was written about the loved and graceful first lady that was struck in 1963 by the assassination of her husband and president JFK. To write the book Spoto must have a incredible knowledge on the life of Mrs. Kennedy and so I think as a historian he will provide a great view for the event.

Monday, April 15, 2019

2.10 Thinking Like a Historian

When mobilizing the homefront during World War II the government reached the population in various different ways encouraging different efforts. To reach out to everyone they put out  government advertisements some of these include newspapers and posters, the government also recorded oral testimonies of their time working in the nationwide war effort.  

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Advertisement encoraging victory gardens 
source #1 : US government advertisement for the Minneapolis Star Journal (1943)
source #2 : copy from War Advertising Council/U.S Treasury Department adverstisement (1943)
source #3 : poster from the U.S. Office of Price Administration (1943)
source #4 : girl scouts planting a victory garden near San Fransico during the war (1943)
source #5 :  oral histories about life at home during the war 

Wednesday, April 10, 2019

Criminal Justice - Incarcerated Women

  The Equal Justice Initiative makes claims that today’s mass incarceration population has ties or connections to slavery and historical white supremacy. After thorough research over the last week or so, I have found information and studies that support the claim. The EJI’s claim and the records show that african americans are incarcerated more than whites are. After researching the overall effects of this I found that this is present not only in men but in women too.  Today’s mass incarceration most definitely involves racial disparity in women in state and federal prisons and does not seem to end because of the continuous cycle it follows involving their history,sentencing and the society of incarcerated women they’ve formed. (EJI)

The United States is the the country with the largest amount of incarceration. From the years 1980 to 2015  the amount of people that were incarcerated made a jump from 500,000 to 2.2 million people. We as a country have 21% of  the world’s prisoners. The U.S criminal justice system for decades has had a huge racial inequality In 2014 african americans made up about 34% of the population in the correctional system.   African Americans in the nations become imprisoned 5 times more than whites are, it has become normal and partially accepted. But in the last 15 years the racial differences in the system has been declining, from the years 2000-2015 black mens’ incarceration rate decreased by 24% and the whites’ increased.  The rate of imprisonment for african american women is twice the rate of white women. But also for women from 2000-2015 the rate black women dropped around 50%, but the white womens’ went up 53%. The ratio of black and white women was 6 to 1, now it is 2 to 1. These racial trends and differences are not just seen in the federal prisons but also the local jails too.
(The Washington Post) (NAACP)
This pattern is continuous and goes into children too. African american children are 34% of the minors that are arrested, 42% of the ones who are detained and 52% of the minors whose cases are sent to criminal court. (NAACP)

As I began looking into women incarceration and its racial disparities, I found more than I thought I would. Right now there are 111,000 women in prison and that amount of women has been increasing with a rate that is 50% higher than the mens rate. (since 1980) There has been larger amount of interaction of women and the correction or criminal justice system. Today there is 1.2 million women involved with the criminal justice system. From this increase the was the birth of additional law enforcement, more strict of sentencing for drugs and laws of post conviction that are directly at women. The prison populations for womens 8 times what it was in 1980. The in these state prisons over half have a child under 18 years old.  In each of these women there is either sexual abuse history, high rates of HIV or substance abuse. (The Sentencing Project)

The women also have a trend with their offenses. In state prisons they are most likely brought in for drug or property offenses. The other main offense would be killing their husband or lover. Of the incarcerated women 25% were for drug offenses and 27% were for property offenses. (The Sentencing Project)

I sadly found out through my research that the pattern of unfair racial incarceration is also in young girls. 15% of the incarcerated youth in this country are girls. In 2001 the amount of girls in correctional arrangements was 15,104, by the year 2015 this number went down by half. African American girls are more likely to be arrested and convicted than white. Just the imprisonment rate for all girls (12-17) is 47 per 100,000,for black girls the rate is 110 per 100,000 and white girls it is 32 per 100,000. This makes the african american girls 3.5 times more likely to become incarcerated than white girls. (The Sentencing Project)

This cycle is continuous because the adults that are being incarcerated is a parent to a kid. That kid is going to live the same life because most of them do not know any better and then they are put through the system too. 1 in 10 black children have a parent that is incarcerated where as the for white kids it is  1-60. (The Washington Post)

The Equal Justice Initiative is right in their claims about the U.S.’s  mass incarceration and its racial inequality, but what I found tells me that it not only has a connection to the past of the african american injustice but future or maybe end of it.




Related image
African American women prsoners - the marshall project
rise in women incarceration - the sentencing project
from the years 1980-2016 the amount of women incarcerated at least 700% and went from 26,378 (1980) to 213,722 (2016)
female inpriosnment rate - the sentencing project
from the years 2000-2016 the imprisonment rate at the state and federal prison levels decreased by 53% for black women and increased 44% for white women 

women in correctional system - the sentencing project
1.2 million women in the criminal justice system
imprisonment rates men vs women - the sentencing project 

from the years 2000-2016 the imprisonment rates changed for both genders and that races/ethnicity 

SOURCES

EJI

NAACP

THE SENTENCING PROJECT

PRISON POLICY

THE WASHINGTON POST

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Semester II Final

PART A (1-8) Before doing any research I predict that the most highly ranked presidents would be George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and...